By Chantelle Muzanenhamo
The Southern African Development Community (Sadc) has raised concerns about the critical decline in water levels at the Kariba and Cahora Bassa dams, attributing the situation to insufficient rainfall and emphasizing the urgent need for climate-resilient energy strategies in the region.
This warning comes as Zimbabwe and neighbouring Zambia grapple with severe power shortages, leaving many residents facing extended hours without electricity.
In its latest Agromet update, Sadc highlighted the impact of the 2023/24 El Niño-induced drought and consecutive seasons of low rainfall in the Zambezi River Basin, which have resulted in dangerously low water levels at Kariba Dam.
Currently operating at just 3% of its electricity generation capacity, Kariba is the primary hydroelectric power source for both Zimbabwe and Zambia, making its low levels a pressing concern for regional energy security.
The Zimbabwean government has responded to the crisis by imposing power cuts lasting six to twelve hours, exacerbating difficulties in an economy already strained by outdated power infrastructure, drought conditions, and various other challenges.
“The situation at Kariba Dam serves as a critical reminder of the need for energy systems in our region to be climate-resilient,” a Sadc stated.
“It is imperative that we collaborate to devise strategies that account for the increasing unpredictability of our climate, ensuring our energy resources are adaptable and secure.”
The deterioration of water resources is particularly alarming given that the region is facing one of its most severe droughts in recent times, affecting agricultural productivity across Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.
This has prompted a call for enhanced water resource management to protect both energy and food security.